Reflection Paper: Socialization and Self-Identity

Reflection Paper: Socialization and Self-Identity Presentation I experienced childhood in a normal white collar class family, whereby I went to an open elementary school during early long periods of my life. Life was very basic in elementary school in light of the fact that practically all understudies were neighborly and there were no social divisions both in class and outside. Nonetheless, life was diverse when I went to secondary school, with the presence of a station framework that drew unmistakable limits between the white collar class understudies who were respectful and the lower class understudies related with inconsiderateness and truancy. Socialization in Relation to Self Identity As per Styker (1980), sociological way to deal with self character depends on suspicion of a presence of a connection among oneself and the general public, whereby oneself impacts the general public through individual activities in this way making gatherings, systems and foundations. Moreover, the general public impacts self through shared implications and language that empower somebody to participate in social associations and think about himself/herself as an item. My grade school life was significantly formed by society inside a favorable domain that never empowered social divisions among understudies yet grasped a bound together network, where everybody appeared to fit in with standards and guidelines of the school. This is additionally bolstered by social personality hypothesis that underlines on way of life as being installed in a social gathering or classification as opposed to job conduct (Turner, Hogg, Oakes, Reicher, Wetherell 1987). Life in secondary school was very not the same as that of grade school as I needed to relate to either the white collar class understudies who fit in with school guidelines or relate to the lower class understudies, who were truant, inconsiderate and thought less about school rules and guidelines. This called for need to reflect, assess and plan in like manner so as to draw out my future state and accomplish awareness concerning my own reality in school. At first, I was conflicted between the two inner circles of understudies since much as I wanted to perform well in school, I likewise needed to drink, smoke and do the insane things that youngsters do. After basic self assessment, I ended up finding some kind of harmony between the two arrangements of understudies and had two unique arrangements of public activities. I could once in a while relate to the white collar class understudies who were respectful when I expected to contemplate and similarly find some kind of harmony in being well known with the truant gathering, particularly when I expected to smoke, drink and act mischievously. Such choice came after some emergency (Mercia 2008). As indicated by Marcias character status hypothesis, ones feeling of character is to a great extent controlled by decisions and duties made in regard to individual and social attributes. Concentrating on juvenile turn of events, Mercia (2008) calls attention to that immature stage comprises neither of personality goals nor character disarray, yet rather how much one has investigated and focused on a personality in an assortment of life areas from instruction, religion, social decisions and sex jobs among others. Marcias hypothesis of personality accomplishment contends that two unmistakable parts structure a teenagers character, to be specific; emergency and duty. He characterized an emergency as a period of change where old qualities or decisions are being rethought and further contends that the end result of an emergency pr ompts a responsibility made to a specific job or worth. Living serenely with the two arrangements of understudies clarifies the idea that there are the same number of various selves as there are various places that one holds in the public eye just as to various gatherings reacting to self (James 1890). This draws out my general self that has various personalities, with every character being attached to parts of the social structure (Burke 1980). While partner with the truant gathering of understudies, the main things we did and talked about were those applicable to the gathering, for example, arranging how to get out of hand, where to drink, smoke and do different things that were against school rules. Then again, relating to trained gathering of understudies limited me to examine and do things that were applicable to character of the gathering, for example, class assignments and gathering conversations. This helped my mental prosperity just as social aptitudes that empowered me to fit well in school society as bolstered by Thoits (2001), who contends that more prominent mental prosperity permits people to effectively gain different job characters after some time. Besides research has demonstrated that making jobs and gathering job characters similarly cultivates more prominent mental prosperity. Having the option to recognize and connect with two arrangements of understudies in secondary school can be credited to personality hypothesis. Stryker (1980) depicts character hypothesis as a miniaturized scale sociological hypothesis that joins self mentalities or personalities to the job related conduct of people. It considers singular job connections and character inconstancy, inspiration and separation. This suggests my conduct in any of the two gatherings was dependant on shared reactions and conduct desires rising up out of social cooperations. Trade hypothesis further backings my communication with two arrangements of understudies as it sees duty as being impacted by rehashed trade understanding, which create enthusiastic association among bunch individuals as fulfillment (Lawler Yoon 1996). Socialization in Relation to Academic Performance Capacity to relate to the taught set of understudies gave me fulfillment, both scholastically and mentally as learning requires tirelessness and dutifulness, characteristics that are broadly connected with women's activists. Then again, partner with truant gathering of understudies gave me the fervor and drive to make the most of my adolescent life just as execution of manliness, which is related with the most noteworthy economic wellbeing in state tutoring condition, a status that I could just accomplish through relating to truant gathering of understudies (Fine 2003 Renold 2006). I was a social butterfly, well known with my companions and a high scholastic achiever. Companions were my most pleasant part of school and I highlighted correspondence and associations with companions, while keeping up great hetero connections that put more in passionate rather than physical parts of the connections inside the two arrangements of companions. Exploration has demonstrated that high accomplishment in class doesn't really establish homeroom confinement and disagreeability, along these lines understudies distinguished as high accomplishing are similarly mainstream. In light of this perception, it tends to be contended that high scholastic accomplishment isn't looming the prominence of an understudy and the friendliness of an understudy may demonstrate that solid social abilities add to high scholarly accomplishment just like my case (Jackson, 2006). Francis, Skelton Read (2010) demonstrate in their examination that friendliness of understudies results to expanded degrees of certainty for young men and young ladies paying little heed to their social class, bringing up that high performing understudies are regularly exceptionally mindful of their high scholastic accomplishment and this accomplishment mindfulness distraction outlines the idea of skill. I had the option to exceed expectations scholastically in light of the fact that I was alright with my apparent high scholarly capacity and I never thought little of my accomplishment according to my friends, not at all like what most young ladies do. Being distinctively mindful of my own genuineness, I figured out how to develop my fame dependent on my inborn legitimacy factors, for example, benevolence, friendliness and graciousness. I was effectively occupied with class work and buckled down, finishing all assignments even in testing conditions. Besides, I was an energetic member in class and was consistently prepared to execute given undertakings during classes. I was in acceptable terms with instructors and this additional incentive to my presentation of demeanor. My discussions and activities every now and again overwhelmed during my days in secondary school as I was uproarious, confident and at the focal point of occasions, not at all like my low accomplishing and less mainstream peers, who were increasingly outward and fixated on variables, for example, great looks. I anyway viewed myself as gorgeous and trendy in appearance during those days. My physical allure and in vogue apparel upgraded my homeroom connections and con tributed incredibly in bringing a harmony between my ubiquity and scholarly accomplishment. This is in concurrence with Butler (1993) and Kehily (2006) who show that physical appearance encourages and adds to friendliness, certainty and now and then scholastic greatness. My presentation upgrading characteristics are in concurrence with self order hypothesis that portrays how individuals characterize themselves at bunch level just as at an individual level, believing gathering and individual personalities to be various degrees of self classification and increasingly unmistakable from one another rather than social character hypothesis (Hogg and Terry 2000). Utilizing this hypothesis allowed me a chance to have boundless scope of characters dependent on setting and comfort to accomplish wanted goals dependent on focused accomplishment with a specific sort of conduct. In their commitment to social personality hypotheses, Lucey and Reay (2002) see that scholarly achievement and greatness can't exist without disappointment, supporting the way that a few understudies must be set apart as disappointments for others to be distinguished as fruitful. This clarifies my scholastic greatness and similarly clarifies terrible showing for a portion of my friends. End People are social creatures and need each other to exist together, a reality bolstered by the presence of social hypotheses of character, which clarify individual, relational just as gathering connections. As an adolescent and an understudy, social speculations of character attempted for my potential benefit as I figured out how to find some kind of harmony between various classes of social gatherings for my exhibition and public activity. I lived well in secondary school since I could utilize social speculations to control circumstances for a pe

Sew what free essay sample

How do data advancements add to the business achievement of Sew What? Inc.? Give a few models from the case with respect to the business estimation of data innovation that exhibits this end. Ans: Sew What? Inc. , a little organization established in 1992 by Megan Duckett from Australia, is a dramatic drapery producing organization. It was the business worked in small home kitchen and spends significant time in making custom dramatic draperies and textures for stages. At first, she has grown up her business from small kitchen and activity by â€Å"world to mouth†. She lost a major agreement because of absence of validity in her business as referenced by her potential client. She understood that it was disappointment because of absence of data innovation in business. Here are a few models that legitimize the commitment of data innovation to the business achievement of Sew what? Inc: By the utilization of data innovation, business earned the believability and having more customers. We will compose a custom paper test on Sew what or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page At the point when she propelled her site individuals began seeing her firm and her business getting development. Data innovation helped Since Sew what? Inc gives great costumer experience through a helpful path to its clients. Organization’s site in various dialects helped the individuals communicating in various dialects around the globe to know and comprehend the business which helped the business to become around the world. Site of association contained the subtleties of all that they did. It was through Information Technology, Duckett come to think about the National Federation of Independent Small Business Award. Sew what? Inc won a few honors generally in view of utilization of data innovation in helpful and successful manner for the improvement of the business. Utilization of data innovation has helped the association to lessen the expense of activity. Consequently, By utilizing data innovations, Sew What? a private company began from a kitchen got well known the world over . Data innovation has been significant apparatus for its prosperity about. In the event that it had not been for data Technology Sew what? Inc would have been constrained in the kitchen. b) If you were an administration expert to sew what? Inc, what might you guidance Megan Duckett to do now to be much increasingly effective in her business? What job would data innovation play in your recommendations? Give a few explicit suggestions. Answer: It’s clear that she has carefully been utilizing IT for giving best client support. In any case, she flops in utilizing IT for in-house process. In the event that she could underwrite the utilization of IT in both â€Å"employee† and â€Å"customer† related techniques, she could have increased serious edge over the contenders. In this way, the manual act of sign-in and sign-out ought to be supplanted via mechanized sign-in and sign-out sheet. The new framework would help follow her employees’ real execution that would give an away from of the hours worked by the representative and no hours worked are considered. This will diminish activity costs that will increase the value of the firm and eventually to the â€Å"customer†. Not to confine the consolidation of IT into employees’ spreadsheet just, she ought to likewise turn out to be on including IT as Operations Support System and Management Support System. In other words, she should structure a framework to screen and control modern procedure and to help group workgroup and venture correspondences and coordinated efforts which isn't obvious in her present business framework. Furthermore, such framework would help Sew What? Inc. develop as an information making organization that stays with the route in front of their rivals. Moreover, she ought to likewise recognize the advantage of incorporating IT in the worth chain that at last targets giving consumer loyalty. Since intranet and extranet don't exist in her organization, she should concentrate on these advancements, being basic components of significant worth chain framework. The framework ought to be worker amicable in order to give all representatives a total perspective on every client with respect to inclinations and benefit. I would recommend Megan Duckett to utilize IT in the accompanying manners. Use IT to significantly decrease the expense of business process. Use IT to bring down the expense of client or providers. Grow new IT highlights to separate items and administrations. Use IT highlights to lessen the separation preferred position of contenders. Use IT highlights to center items and administrations at chose advertise specialties. Use IT to make virtual association of colleagues. c) How could the utilization of data innovation help a private company you know be increasingly fruitful? Give a few guides to help your answer. Answer: In this serious world, data innovation is viewed as an advantage for endurance and accomplishment of an association, littler or greater. It helps the executives in dynamic which requires the IT to be the interface with representatives also. That implies, all the workers alongside the proprietor should utilize IT in the everyday business exercises. One of the markets, I know, is doing generally excellent business. Be that as it may, it has not made any arrangement of IT in its business. Had it introduced IT in its business, the achievement and the productivity of the store would have gone up to the extraordinary degree. It’s been working its business physically that has confined its prosperity and productivity to a specific breaking point. It has not yet acknowledged IT as the basic factor to increase upper hand over different stores, locally just as internationally. In spite of the fact that it has understood the estimation of clients and is attempting to profit client centered administrations to its clients, it has not had the option to prevail at the business because of inability to adequately utilize the IT in its store. It has neither a framework to record and track the inventories in the store, nor a framework to process clients request. It ought to physically tally and check the inventories level in the store. There is no framework to naturally follow the degree of stock and in this manner the lack in the store can't be identified in a convenient premise. That may bring about lower client assistance since the store may not make accessible of products at perfect time. Along these lines, it should plan an appropriate client and value-based database upheld up by the intranets, extranets and web innovation. Such client database fragmented by inclination of and gainfulness from every client ought to be gotten to by all the workers. Intranets encourage each worker to get each customer’s profile. Also, exchange database through web and extranet ought to encourage every client to put request legitimately, and check the request history and conveyance status. On the off chance that conceivable, the store ought to likewise construct a Web people group of clients and the representatives that would cause the client to feel exceptional and charmed. The accompanying figure will clarify how the utilization of data innovation would enable the store to be increasingly fruitful:

Are Colleges Worth the Price of Admission? Essay -- community college,

In the previous quite a long while, there has been a developing pattern in the quantity of school destined people getting two-year degrees from junior colleges or acquiring accreditation for their ideal profession field at professional schools. Such schools absolutely appear to have some significant characteristics: all brag of having lower costs than different universities, of their nonappearance of understudy credits, of permitting individuals to get more cash-flow snappier, of being barely centered so understudies don’t need to take classes they don’t need. They endeavor to bring up evident shortcomings in human sciences schools too, guaranteeing that such an instruction is pointless in today’s world. In any case, for each motivation to go to a network or two-year school, a professional track, or an apprenticeship, there is another, more grounded purpose behind setting off to a customary, four-year school, and the aesthetic sciences certificate picked up at mu lti year universities far exceeds the degree picked up at a multi year school or through a professional track. Junior colleges and professional tracks are not off-base about the significant expense of customary advanced education. As per the U.S. Branch of Education’s National Center for Education Statistics, one year at an open, four-year organization costs upwards of $23,000 by and large, while private foundations will cost almost $10,000 more by and large. Combined with the way that costs at open foundations rose 42 percent and private establishments rose 31 percent somewhere in the range of 2001 and 2011, it’s not a stun that guardians and understudies the same stress over paying for school. Be that as it may, this won’t consistently be the situation, as this ascent in costs just can't proceed with the manner in which it has. In the long run, individuals will be not able to follow through on the cost that schools charge. They will either agree to com... ...Scholarly Writing. Ed. Gerald Graff. second ed. New York: W.W. Norton and Company, 2012. 179-189. Print. Murray, Charles. â€Å"Are Too Many People Going to College?† They Say/I Say: The Moves That Matter In Academic Writing. Ed. Gerald Graff. second ed. New York: W.W. Norton and Company, 2012. 222-242. Print. Ungar, Sanford J. â€Å"The New Liberal Arts.† They Say/I Say: The Moves That Matter In Academic Writing. Ed. Gerald Graff. second ed. New York: W.W. Norton and Company, 2012. 190-197. Print. Wallace, David Foster. â€Å"Kenyon Commencement Speech.† They Say/I Say: The Moves That Matter In Academic Writing. Ed. Gerald Graff. second ed. New York: W.W. Norton and Company, 2012. 198-210. Print. Wilson, Robin. â€Å"A Lifetime of Student Debt? Not Likely.† They Say/I Say: The Moves That Matter In Academic Writing. Ed. Gerald Graff. second ed. New York: W.W. Norton and Company, 2012. 256-273. Print.

Gender Differentiation of Customer Loyalty Essay - 7700 Words

Variations in Perceptions of Women and Men on Customer Loyalty in the Caribbean (Research Paper Sample) Content: Gender Differentiation of Customer Loyalty: Variations in Perceptions of Women and Men on Customer Loyalty in the Caribbean(Studentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s Name)(Name of School)(Course Title)(Date)Chapter One: IntroductionBackground of the ResearchThe loyalty construct has attracted interest due to the rise of relationship marketing that highlights the relevance of creating relationships between organizations and customers. Resource restrictions and fierce competition has led to a paradigm shift to retention of existing customers rather than acquisition of new ones by marketers. What then is customer loyalty? Conventionally, customer loyalty has been conceptualized using three perspectives (Oliver, 1999). Notably, customer loyalty is considered as the customersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ attitudinal tendency and behavioral constancy in purchasing a specific brand, as well as a blend of these two perspectives. Conversely, researchers have raised concerns about the use of the two dimensions to con ceptualize loyalty with arguments that it is insufficient for guiding marketing practitioners in the design of loyalty programs (Jones Taylor, 2007). Consequently, loyalty is perceived as a multidimensional concept covering various issues. According to Melynk et al (2009), loyalty is characterized by a relationship between an entity and an actor with the latter displaying psychological or behavioral allegiance to the former even with the existence of alternative entities (p.4). Jensen and Hansen (2006) noted that loyal consumers are less likely to accept competitorsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ offers and demonstrate less price sensitivity. Hur, Park and Kim (2010) stated that customer loyalty is beneficial to business as it facilitates repeat purchases and ongoing patronage by loyal consumers. Therefore, customer loyalty increases an organizationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s competitive advantage and revenue. The competition in the markets is requiring companies to initiate efforts aimed at improving customer loyal ty to ensure retention of their current consumers. There has been a call for further research to increase understanding and knowledge on the development of customer loyalty (Knox Walker, 2001). Such research might lead to enhanced approaches for segmentation of customers and differentiated strategies for achieving high customer loyalty. Indeed, some empirical research has suggested that significant differences exist in female and male customer loyalty (Mittal Kamakura, 2001), which underscores the need for unique approaches to attain loyalty among these consumers. Although the significance of customer loyalty is acknowledged, empirical studies on the nature and existence of gender differences in loyalty using the evolutionary theoretical perspective (Baumeister and Sommer, 1997) are minimal. Therefore, this study will focus on exploring gender differences in customer loyalty in the Caribbean.Problem StatementResearch has shown vital differences in female and male consumersà ¢Ã¢â€ š ¬ behavior and cognitive processes (Fisher Dube, 2005). Gender differences have been reported in loyalty, fairness perceptions, customer satisfaction, and perceptions of service quality (Sharma, Chen Luk, 2012). Such variations are revealed in the extensive adoption of gender as a variable for segmenting consumers. Therefore, female and male customers have differentiated responses to initiatives perceived as enhancing their loyalty. Recent empirical results recognize that customer loyalty among female and male customers is aroused by varied motivations. For instance, Noble and colleagues (2006) discovered that male loyalty is influenced by information acquisition intentions, whereas female loyalty is inspired by motivation for social interaction. In another study, it was demonstrated loyalty among men and women is dissimilar in nature (Melnyk et al., 2009). Specifically, while female consumers show more loyalty to individuals than males, this variation is reversed when loyalty is directed at a group or company. In this case, men are highly loyal than women to a company. Evanschitzky and Wunderlich(2006) indicated that gender influences various phases of loyalty such that women are highly likely to remain loyal even with reduced satisfaction levels, whereas men will switch brands if they become dissatisfied with a service provider. Other researchers found that female customers decide to participate in loyalty programs, they rely more on individual fit of the specific program than males (Kivetz Simmons, 2003). Such evidence indicates that indeed there are gender differences in how men and women perceive customer loyalty. However, research on the issue of gender differentiation in customer loyalty is yet to be explored in the Caribbean. Consequently, this research seeks to provide empirical evidence for addressing this gap in knowledge by showing whether the gender variations in customer loyalty reported in past literature exist for a sample of male and female customers from the Caribbean.Aims and Objectives of the ResearchThis study seeks to obtain deeper understanding of gender differentiation in customer loyalty. Specifically, the research will focus on examining conceptualization of loyalty among male and female customers in the Caribbean. Moreover, this study investigates the utility of employing the theory of relational versus collective interdependence (Baumeister Sommer, 1997) to explore gender differences in customer loyalty. The following objectives will be fulfilled by this study. * To confirm the existence of gender differences in customer loyalty * To explore gender variations in objects of loyalty * To examine the nature of gender differences in loyalty to companies and individual service providers * To provide practical recommendations to marketing practitioners to improve marketing strategies for increasing customer loyaltyResearch Questions and Hypotheses * Are there differences in customer loyalty between male and female customers? * Do women and men differ in objects of loyalty? * Are men more loyal than women to companies? * Do women show more loyalty than men to individual service providers?Research HypothesesBased on the research questions stated, the following hypotheses will be tested in this study. * Alternative Hypothesis 1: There are gender differences in customer loyaltyNull hypothesis 1: Gender differences do not exist in relation to customer loyalty * Alternative hypothesis 2: Male and female customers differ in objects of loyaltyNull hypothesis 2: There are no differences between male and female customers in objects of loyalty * Alternative hypothesis 3: Male customers demonstrate more loyalty than women to companiesNull hypothesis 3: Female customers are more loyal than males to companies * Alternative hypothesis 4: Female customers are more loyal than males to individual service providersNull hypothesis 4: Male customers are more loyal than females to individual service p rovidersSignificance of the StudyThe study contributes to managerial practice and theory on marketing. From a theoretical perspective, the study offers various contributions to consumer loyalty and gender identity. Concerning consumer loyalty, the study provides insight into how females and males perceive consumer loyalty based on competing theories. The study will indicate the existence of gender differentiation in customer loyalty with evidence from the Caribbean. Regarding gender identity, this study will demonstrate that differences in loyalty between female and male customers are due to group versus individual distinction rather than due to the proximity of relationships.The results of this study are also relevant to marketing practice as they will show gender variations in customer loyalty. Consequently, marketing managers will have evidence required for designing and implementing differentiated programs aimed at improving loyalty among their customers. Particularly, this wil l assist marketing managers to design effective customer loyalty programs that recognize the differences in how men and women view loyalty to companies.Nature of StudyThis dissertation will focus on uncovering gender differences in customer loyalty in the Caribbean. The study relies on a cross section quantitative research design to test the various hypotheses proposed in this research. A quantitative research methodology will allow the collection of quantitative data from sample male and female respondents using a survey. This shall be followed by employing quantitative data analysis techniques to analyze the data and test the hypotheses. Therefore, a quantitative methodology is viewed as sufficient for meeting the purposes of the research.Study AssumptionsThis dissertation shall be based on specific assumptions that are outlined below. * The data collection instrument designed by the author shall be adequate in terms of covering all the variables that are under investigation in th is research. * The respondents will provide truthful responses to the statements stated in the survey instrument. * The research methodology selected will provide robust evidence on the research topic.Limitations and Delimitations of the StudyThe first limitation is that the study will employ a cross section design to measure the variables that makes it impractical to engage in the examination and interpretation of influences in directionality between variables. Second, convenience sampling will be utilized to select the research sample, which raises concerns on the generalization of the results of the study. Thus, interpretation of the study outcomes should consider the nature of the sample. Third, the data for the investigation comes from self-reported opinions in response to the survey instrument. This means that the s... Gender Differentiation of Customer Loyalty Essay - 7700 Words Variations in Perceptions of Women and Men on Customer Loyalty in the Caribbean (Research Paper Sample) Content: Gender Differentiation of Customer Loyalty: Variations in Perceptions of Women and Men on Customer Loyalty in the Caribbean(Studentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s Name)(Name of School)(Course Title)(Date)Chapter One: IntroductionBackground of the ResearchThe loyalty construct has attracted interest due to the rise of relationship marketing that highlights the relevance of creating relationships between organizations and customers. Resource restrictions and fierce competition has led to a paradigm shift to retention of existing customers rather than acquisition of new ones by marketers. What then is customer loyalty? Conventionally, customer loyalty has been conceptualized using three perspectives (Oliver, 1999). Notably, customer loyalty is considered as the customersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ attitudinal tendency and behavioral constancy in purchasing a specific brand, as well as a blend of these two perspectives. Conversely, researchers have raised concerns about the use of the two dimensions to con ceptualize loyalty with arguments that it is insufficient for guiding marketing practitioners in the design of loyalty programs (Jones Taylor, 2007). Consequently, loyalty is perceived as a multidimensional concept covering various issues. According to Melynk et al (2009), loyalty is characterized by a relationship between an entity and an actor with the latter displaying psychological or behavioral allegiance to the former even with the existence of alternative entities (p.4). Jensen and Hansen (2006) noted that loyal consumers are less likely to accept competitorsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ offers and demonstrate less price sensitivity. Hur, Park and Kim (2010) stated that customer loyalty is beneficial to business as it facilitates repeat purchases and ongoing patronage by loyal consumers. Therefore, customer loyalty increases an organizationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s competitive advantage and revenue. The competition in the markets is requiring companies to initiate efforts aimed at improving customer loyal ty to ensure retention of their current consumers. There has been a call for further research to increase understanding and knowledge on the development of customer loyalty (Knox Walker, 2001). Such research might lead to enhanced approaches for segmentation of customers and differentiated strategies for achieving high customer loyalty. Indeed, some empirical research has suggested that significant differences exist in female and male customer loyalty (Mittal Kamakura, 2001), which underscores the need for unique approaches to attain loyalty among these consumers. Although the significance of customer loyalty is acknowledged, empirical studies on the nature and existence of gender differences in loyalty using the evolutionary theoretical perspective (Baumeister and Sommer, 1997) are minimal. Therefore, this study will focus on exploring gender differences in customer loyalty in the Caribbean.Problem StatementResearch has shown vital differences in female and male consumersà ¢Ã¢â€ š ¬ behavior and cognitive processes (Fisher Dube, 2005). Gender differences have been reported in loyalty, fairness perceptions, customer satisfaction, and perceptions of service quality (Sharma, Chen Luk, 2012). Such variations are revealed in the extensive adoption of gender as a variable for segmenting consumers. Therefore, female and male customers have differentiated responses to initiatives perceived as enhancing their loyalty. Recent empirical results recognize that customer loyalty among female and male customers is aroused by varied motivations. For instance, Noble and colleagues (2006) discovered that male loyalty is influenced by information acquisition intentions, whereas female loyalty is inspired by motivation for social interaction. In another study, it was demonstrated loyalty among men and women is dissimilar in nature (Melnyk et al., 2009). Specifically, while female consumers show more loyalty to individuals than males, this variation is reversed when loyalty is directed at a group or company. In this case, men are highly loyal than women to a company. Evanschitzky and Wunderlich(2006) indicated that gender influences various phases of loyalty such that women are highly likely to remain loyal even with reduced satisfaction levels, whereas men will switch brands if they become dissatisfied with a service provider. Other researchers found that female customers decide to participate in loyalty programs, they rely more on individual fit of the specific program than males (Kivetz Simmons, 2003). Such evidence indicates that indeed there are gender differences in how men and women perceive customer loyalty. However, research on the issue of gender differentiation in customer loyalty is yet to be explored in the Caribbean. Consequently, this research seeks to provide empirical evidence for addressing this gap in knowledge by showing whether the gender variations in customer loyalty reported in past literature exist for a sample of male and female customers from the Caribbean.Aims and Objectives of the ResearchThis study seeks to obtain deeper understanding of gender differentiation in customer loyalty. Specifically, the research will focus on examining conceptualization of loyalty among male and female customers in the Caribbean. Moreover, this study investigates the utility of employing the theory of relational versus collective interdependence (Baumeister Sommer, 1997) to explore gender differences in customer loyalty. The following objectives will be fulfilled by this study. * To confirm the existence of gender differences in customer loyalty * To explore gender variations in objects of loyalty * To examine the nature of gender differences in loyalty to companies and individual service providers * To provide practical recommendations to marketing practitioners to improve marketing strategies for increasing customer loyaltyResearch Questions and Hypotheses * Are there differences in customer loyalty between male and female customers? * Do women and men differ in objects of loyalty? * Are men more loyal than women to companies? * Do women show more loyalty than men to individual service providers?Research HypothesesBased on the research questions stated, the following hypotheses will be tested in this study. * Alternative Hypothesis 1: There are gender differences in customer loyaltyNull hypothesis 1: Gender differences do not exist in relation to customer loyalty * Alternative hypothesis 2: Male and female customers differ in objects of loyaltyNull hypothesis 2: There are no differences between male and female customers in objects of loyalty * Alternative hypothesis 3: Male customers demonstrate more loyalty than women to companiesNull hypothesis 3: Female customers are more loyal than males to companies * Alternative hypothesis 4: Female customers are more loyal than males to individual service providersNull hypothesis 4: Male customers are more loyal than females to individual service p rovidersSignificance of the StudyThe study contributes to managerial practice and theory on marketing. From a theoretical perspective, the study offers various contributions to consumer loyalty and gender identity. Concerning consumer loyalty, the study provides insight into how females and males perceive consumer loyalty based on competing theories. The study will indicate the existence of gender differentiation in customer loyalty with evidence from the Caribbean. Regarding gender identity, this study will demonstrate that differences in loyalty between female and male customers are due to group versus individual distinction rather than due to the proximity of relationships.The results of this study are also relevant to marketing practice as they will show gender variations in customer loyalty. Consequently, marketing managers will have evidence required for designing and implementing differentiated programs aimed at improving loyalty among their customers. Particularly, this wil l assist marketing managers to design effective customer loyalty programs that recognize the differences in how men and women view loyalty to companies.Nature of StudyThis dissertation will focus on uncovering gender differences in customer loyalty in the Caribbean. The study relies on a cross section quantitative research design to test the various hypotheses proposed in this research. A quantitative research methodology will allow the collection of quantitative data from sample male and female respondents using a survey. This shall be followed by employing quantitative data analysis techniques to analyze the data and test the hypotheses. Therefore, a quantitative methodology is viewed as sufficient for meeting the purposes of the research.Study AssumptionsThis dissertation shall be based on specific assumptions that are outlined below. * The data collection instrument designed by the author shall be adequate in terms of covering all the variables that are under investigation in th is research. * The respondents will provide truthful responses to the statements stated in the survey instrument. * The research methodology selected will provide robust evidence on the research topic.Limitations and Delimitations of the StudyThe first limitation is that the study will employ a cross section design to measure the variables that makes it impractical to engage in the examination and interpretation of influences in directionality between variables. Second, convenience sampling will be utilized to select the research sample, which raises concerns on the generalization of the results of the study. Thus, interpretation of the study outcomes should consider the nature of the sample. Third, the data for the investigation comes from self-reported opinions in response to the survey instrument. This means that the s...

Was Aids Hospice Reeked From Disease And Neglect

he AIDS hospice reeked from disease and neglect. On my first day there, after an hour of training, I met Paul, a tall, emaciated, forty-year-old AIDS victim who was recovering from a stroke that had severely affected his speech. I took him to General Hospital for a long-overdue appointment. It had been weeks since he had been outside. After waiting for two and a half hours, he was called in and then needed to wait another two hours for his prescription. Hungry, I suggested we go and get some lunch. At first Paul resisted; he didn’t want to accept the lunch offer. Estranged from his family and seemingly ignored by his friends, he wasn’t used to anyone being kind to him — even though I was only talking about a Big Mac. When it arrived, Paul took his first bite. Suddenly, his face lit up with the biggest, most radiant smile. He was on top of the world because somebody bought him a hamburger. Amazing. So little bought so much. While elated that I had literally made P aul’s day, the neglect and emotional isolation from which he suffered disgusted me. This was a harsh side of medicine I had not seen before. Right then and there, I wondered, Do I really want to go into medicine? What had so upset me about my day with Paul? Before then nothing in my personal, academic, or volunteer experiences had shaken my single-minded commitment to medicine. Why was I so unprepared for what I saw? Was it the proximity of death, knowing Paul was terminal? No it couldn’t have been. As a youngShow MoreRelatedThe Aids Hospice : From Disease And Neglect1083 Words   |  5 PagesThe AIDS hospice reeked from disease and neglect. On my first day there, after an hour of training, I met Paul, a tall, emaciated, forty-year-old AIDS victim who was recovering from a stroke that had severely affected his speech. I took him to General Hospital for a long-overdue appointment. It had been weeks since he had been outside. After waiting for two and a half hours, he was called in and then needed to wait another two hours for his prescription. Hungry, I suggested we go and get some lunch

Pro Affirmative Action Essay - 2153 Words

Affirmative action is a policy or a program that seeks to redress past discrimination of minorities through active measures in order to ensure equal opportunity, as in education and employment. In other words, it is policy that was established to hopefully eliminate racial preference and equalize the United States. The fight against discrimination has been a long lasting one that started with the case of Plessy vs. Ferguson, which ended in the desegregation of all schools (Ficker). Affirmative action was put into place in 1965 when President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the Executive Order that mandated government contractors to â€Å"take affirmative action† in all aspects of hiring and employing minorities (Brunner). Upon its arrival, the policy†¦show more content†¦The fact that, in most cases, a minority student will get accepted over a white student with the same or almost the same qualifications is causing controversy all over the nation. This is precisely the defin ition of affirmative action. In an excerpt titled Affirmative Action and the College Admissions Process from the book, 8 Steps to Help Black Families Pay For College, by Thomas and Will LaVeist, it is stated that, â€Å"affirmative action is meant to level the playing field and ensure that schools and businesses are not intentionally discriminating against minority groups.† This leveling of the playing field leads to the very broad generalization and misperception that the policy is allowing less-qualified minorities to take the place of the more-qualified whites. Two more cases that aroused much debate on the issue were the 2003 cases of Gratz vs. Bollinger and Grutter vs. Bollinger, in which two more-than-qualified students applied to the University of Michigan and were denied due to acceptance policies. The two women, Jennifer Gratz and Barbara Grutter, took their cases to the Supreme Court with the plea that the University of Michigan is â€Å"treating people differently based on skin color, and that is unconstitutional† (Mears). The university openly stated that they have a point system in their acceptance process in which students receive extra point if they are of minority status. Mary Sue Coleman, the president of the University of Michigan stated, â€Å"[W]eShow MoreRelatedEssay on Pro-Affirmative Action1059 Words   |  5 PagesPRO-AFFIRMATIVE ACTION What is it? Well affirmative action is, in plain text, the consideration of your class, race, gender, color, ethnicity, national origin, and disability when deciding who gets a certain job or admission into a school. If you are amenity applying for a job and there are other people that are applying as well then you will be considered for the job over one of the other people, even if they have more experience. It is not only for jobs, it is also used in any situationRead MoreAffirmative Action - Pros and Cons Essay1057 Words   |  5 PagesDiscussion of Affirmative Action Ââ€" Pros and Cons. Affirmative Action programming is seen by some as a mechanical remedy to past social conditions that penalized minority member applicants for employment, women, or persons with disabilities. In the United States, Affirmative Action has been seen as compensation for the exclusion of the African American community, in particular, and has been hoped to create upward mobility for more members of this sector. In this sense, Affirmative Action may haveRead More The Pros and Cons of Affirmative Action Essay3458 Words   |  14 Pages   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Affirmative action has been the topic of debate for many years. It has been controversial because it has been said to be a form of reverse discrimination. This paper will discuss the purpose behind affirmative action, as well as, its various strengths and weaknesses. Also, this paper will look at the following issues surrounding affirmative action such as the incompetency myth ( are companies hiring less qualified people?), the impa ct on employment (what has changed in the work place?), theRead MorePros and Cons of Affirmative Action Essay1185 Words   |  5 PagesAnalytical Paper 3 – Affirmative Action Introduction According to Raymond A. Noe, affirmative action is an organization’s active effort to find opportunities to hire or promote people in a particular group (Fundamentals of Human Resource Management 68). There are various arguments for and against affirmative action. Some believe that it gives certain groups of people an equal opportunity to find employment where they would otherwise be kicked under the rug. Others believe that even though it createsRead MoreAdvantages and Disadvantages of Affirmative Action Essay1667 Words   |  7 PagesExploratory Essay The Affirmative Action Debate Affirmative Action Defined Affirmative Action can be defined as â€Å"positive steps taken to increase the representation of women and minorities in areas of employment, education, and business from which they have been historically excluded (Standford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)†. However because those steps involve â€Å"preferential† selection affirmative action generates intense controversy (Standford Encyclopedia of Philosophy). Affirmative ActionRead MoreAffirmative Action And The Civil Rights And Equal Opportunity Legislation Of The 1960s958 Words   |  4 PagesAffirmative action is a program that serves to rectify the effects of purportedly past societal discrimination by allocating jobs and opportunities to minorities and women. Affirmative action programs were an outgrowth of the 1950s and 1960s civil rights movements and the Civil Rights and Equal Opportunity legislation of the 1960s. Close to fifty years later, the practice of affirmative action has been at the vanguard of intense debate more than any other time in its history. Hardly a week goesRead MoreAffirmative Action : An Effective Organization1430 Words   |  6 Pageswriting Thesis/Support Essay Professor Jeffery Cahan 05/10/2016 Affirmative Action According to Merriam Webster, by definition â€Å"Affirmative Action is an active effort to improve the employment or educational opportunities of members of minority groups and women. Also similar effort to promote the rights or progress of other disadvantaged persons† Affirmative action has been a hot topic among some American citizens and government officials. â€Å"Affirmative action is the process of a businessRead More We Need Affirmative Action Essay1035 Words   |  5 Pages PRO-AFFIRMATIVE ACTION nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;What is it? Well affirmative action is, in plain text, the consideration of your class, race, gender, color, ethnicity, national origin, and disability when deciding who gets a certain job or admission into a school. If you are amenity applying for a job and there are other people that are applying as well then you will be considered for the job over one of the other people, even if they have more experience. It is not only for jobs, it is alsoRead MoreThe Supreme Court s Decision On Affirmative Action On The Fisher V. University Of Texas Case2292 Words   |  10 PagesThe newspaper article appears to be a news report about the Supreme Court’s decision on affirmative action on the Fisher v. University of Texas case. The purpose of this text is to inform readers about the decision and the view point of officials who agree and disagree with affirmative action, as well of those who are in between and those who don’t think we are close to solving t his issue. The author, Adam Liptak, focuses on writing about the United States Supreme Court, and is graduate from Yale;Read MoreDiversity Achievement Based From A South African Company1520 Words   |  7 Pagesin South Africa’s parliament’s 1998 Employee Equity Act (EE) (Act 55 of 1998), which according to its drafters was meant to: (i) eliminate unfair discrimination (i.e. in current employment and remuneration practices) and (ii) take positive or affirmative measures to attack, develop and retain individuals from previously disadvantaged groups. These groups are designated in the Act as â€Å"Blacks (Including Africans, Colored (mixed race) and Indians), women and people with disabilities.† DTI

A Critique of Star Wars Essay Example For Students

A Critique of Star Wars Essay This examination also includes a bit of the structuralism approach for its coverage of hidden symbolism, how the cinematic techniques that were used enhanced the storyline, and framing. There is also one instance of an tourists approach in which a similar elemental preference is discussed that is found within movies the director, George Lucas, creates. Every successful film needs to have an intriguing storyline that peaks the curiosity of the audience and holds their attention captive. It story is what happens in a movie, the plot is how it happens. (Goodnight Jacobs, 2011), The storyline of Star Wars is of an orphaned boy who searches for his identity and accepts his fate in joining the Rebellion to fight the evil empire, The plot of Star Wars starts with a distress call from Princess Leila that Luke Sky. Valier stumbles upon. This message puts Luke on a journey to become a Jed using The Force. Luke and his mentor, Obi-Wan Kenton, employ the help of a smuggler, Han Solo, and his sh ipmate, Chewable, to transport them onboard the Death Star. Luke and Obi-Wan attempt to board the Death Star undetected in order to rescue Princess Leila- The plot Of the film is set in chronological order, meaning the events in the plot of the movie follow the same order (although not necessarily the same duration) Of real time. (Goodnight Jacobs, 2011). The setting of Star Wars takes place mostly on a desert planet, Likes home planet of Taxation, and in outer space. The main character is Luke Jaywalker, who is the protagonist of the film. In the beginning of the film, the audience easily understands the naivety of Luke. By demonstrating his naivety, the audience will be able to understand the struggle he will make to overcome his fears and doubts. The antagonist of the film is the vile Dart Evader, who is in control over his empire. After many years of fighting the rebellion, Dart Evader discovers Luke and senses his strong use Of The Force. After his discovery to Luke, Dart Evader concentrates on capturing him. The main conflict is between the evil empire and the Rebel forces, The film also uses symbolism. For example, the colors black and white are symbolically used along with religious symbolism. Dark (black) clothing is commonly used to symbolize bad characters such as Dart Evader, who avers black. White clothing is commonly used to symbolize good characters such as what Luke is wearing t the end of the film as he is rescuing Princess Leila. Religious symbolism is displayed Whenever The Force is used throughout the movie. The idea that is conveyed to the audience is that anyone who uses The Force is putting their trust in it rather than What they see. An example Of this is when Luke turned Off his guidance system in his ship and instead used The Force to guide himself through the nooks and crannies Of a planet. (Goodnight Jacobs, 2011). The actors that were used included a mixture of two different types. The personality actor, an actor with a strong personality, was Harrison Ford that laded the character of Han Solo. Han Solo is the classic tough guy that believes in fighting the old-fashioned way, charging in with guns blazing. Films with strong personality actors can make it difficult for audiences to differentiate between the actor and the character. (Goodnight Jacobs, 201 1), The other type of actors used are character actors that are Mark Hamlin that played Luke Jaywalker, Carrie Fisher that played princess Leila, and Aleck Guinness that played Obi-Wan Kenton. Even though Luke Jaywalker is the main character of the movie, he does not have the experiences of Han Solo that would make him nonevent and bold. What makes Luke Ja ywalker special is that he makes bold and courageous choices despite his inexperience. Carrie V-Asher was a relatively unknown actor that had been in a small handful of roles before Star Wars. Aleck Guinness had roles in many movies before Star Wars, mostly as supporting characters much like Obi-Wan Kenton. Similar to Aleck Guinness, Mark Hamlin played in many supporting roles that were mostly On television shows. Character actors are able to fit into a wide variety of characters and have adopted to the needs Of the script. (Goodnight Jacobs, 2011). Cinematography and editing make its own contribution into bringing the storyline to life for the audience. Human Emotion in Equilibrium EssayIt is also discovered that Obi-Wan Kenton was a general that served in the Clone Wars under Princess Leis father. Another idea tooth sound development was that George Lucas paired TXT with the Dolly Digital Surround Sound This was done in order to create the best possible sound coupled with the best possible image for the audience. Most of the movie theaters at the time of the release of Star Wars were monaural sound, or sound that comes from a single (mono) source? (Goodnight Jacobs, 201 1), TXT sets the frequency range of the speakers in the movie theater for an even distribution, sets guidelines for room acoustics, reverberation time and background noise, and noise isolation, viewing angles, projectors and onscreen lighting levels. The Dolly optical stereo that came out in the late 19705 gave theaters the surround mound which was the placement of speakers all around the theater so that audiences get the impression that some sounds are coming fr om all around them. (Goodnight Jacobs, 2011). Star Wars was a reflection of society but the movie also had an effect on society. Star Wars was released in 1977, at a time when unemployment was up, many lives were lost in the Vietnam War, and President Richard Nixon had just resigned. (Monopolies, 2007). At such a dismal time in society, people tend to crave an outlet that allows them to forget about the stress of everyday life. People also yearn for heroes that courageously fight against evil. The movie Star Wars provided such a fantasy escape filled with motivating inspiration in its good versus evil storyline. Star Wars is considered a fantasy film but it would better fit in a science fiction fantasy submerge. Society does not live in outer space, does not travel from planet to planet, does not have spaceship capability, nor does it have the ability to use the Force, The ripple effect that Star Wars has had on society since its release has been tremendous. Fans of the movie have echoed a thousand times their favorite lines from the movie, children have decorated their moms in Star Wars accessories, fan clubs were created, and national conventions are still celebrated. The revenue that was earned from the blockbuster hits, Star Wars and Jaws, allowed movie theaters to build multiplexes. For the first time, film merchandising became popular and tie-in campaigns with fast food restaurants started. Right after its release, Star Wars collaborated with Burger King to initiate its first tie-in campaign. Burger King offered its customers the option to purchase Star Wars collectors drinking glasses. (Rebellious, 2013). The imaginary Pennons and other technology that Vass used in the film made a monumental impression on many fans. The technology that was used laid out blueprints for fans to make into a reality. The creation Of Mr.. Lucas company Industrial, Light Magic (ELM) has been used in an astounding number of 238 movies since its creation. (Industrial, Light Magic, 2010). The director of Star Wars is George Lucas. Previously to Star Wars, Lucas had only directed a number of short documentaries with a couple of his own movies, TXT 1138 and American Graffiti. George Lucas is the type of director that pays great attention to detail with the sound effects and graphics for the storyline, In sense, he could be considered an auteur director because of the fact that he prefers to include similar sound and special effects within his movies, The auteur theory implies that the author is ultimately the author of the film, imposing onto it his or her unique vision for the film, (Goodnight Jacobs, 2011). Lucas not only directed the movie but he also wrote Therefore, it would explain his attention to detail in bringing to life his written story. The stunning success of Star Wars has made an impressive impact on society by creating fans of all ages and national conventions that tans keep on celebrating. The film industry has been forever altered by the revolutionary technology that was created for Star Wars and continues to be replicated voting other films.